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The K
v rating of a design of brushless motor is the constant relating the motor's unloaded RPM to the peak (not RMS) voltage on the wires connected to the coils (the "back-EMF"). For example, a 5,700 K
v motor, supplied with 11.1 V, will run at a nominal 63,270 rpm. By
Lenz's law, a running motor will create a back-EMF proportional to the RPM.
Once a motor is spinning so fast that the back-EMF is at the battery voltage (also called DC line voltage), then the motor has reached its "base speed". It is impossible for the ESCs to "speed up" that motor, even with no load, beyond the base speed without resorting to "field weakening". For some applications (e.g. automotive traction and high speed spindle motors) it is normal to exceed the base speed with a factor of 200 to 600%.
K
v is the voltage constant (capital-K, subscript v), not to be confused with the
kilovolt, whose symbol is kV (lower-case k, capital V).
Iliti po naski - broj okretaja pri narinutom 1 V napona